8/16/2023 0 Comments Chestnut blight treatment![]() ![]() In the 1930s, chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica) spread through southwestern Virginia, after its introduction to New York in 1904.Įstablishment of American chestnuts (Castanea dentata) bred for blight (Cryphonectria parasitica ) resistance: influence of breeding and nursery grading American chestnut was eliminated from eastern forests as a dominant species by chestnut blight (.Īmerican chestnut persistence in southwestern Virginia 80 years after chestnut blight introductionįorest disease noticeably alters spatial patterns of a species' distribution and this alteration is complex when host mortality is affected by site qualities. Three North American tree species, American chestnut (Castanea dentata), butternut (Juglans cinerea), and American elm (Ulmus americana), have been devastated by exotic fungal diseases over the last century. Three American tragedies: chestnut blight, butternut canker, and Dutch elm disease ![]() In that time the blight has spread relentlessly and has destroyed all of our commercial stands of this once most valuable hardwood species of the East. & A., was introduced into America from the Orient. It has now been over half a century since chestnut blight, caused by the fungus Endothia parasitica (Murr.) A. Testing American chestnuts for blight resistance The expectation is that these seedlings will be more resistant to chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica) than are pure American chestnut trees ( Outlook for blight-resistant American chestnut treesĬulminating 20 years of breeding efforts, in spring 2008, The American Chestnut Foundation (TACF) delivered its first 500 chestnuts to the USDA Forest Service for testing on National Forest lands. parasitica and reduces its parasitic growth and sporulation ![]() In Europe, the mycovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV-1) acts as a successful biological control agent of chestnut blight by causing so-called hypovirulence. parasitica into a new area, eradication efforts by cutting and burning the infected plants/trees have mostly failed. Non-lethal, superficial or callusing cankers on susceptible host trees are usually associated with mycovirus-induced hypovirulence. Below the canker the tree may react by producing epicormic shoots. Chestnut blight cankers are characterized by the presence of mycelial fans and fruiting bodies of the pathogen. Cryphonectria parasitica causes perennial necrotic lesions (so-called cankers) on the bark of stems and branches of susceptible host trees, eventually leading to wilting of the plant part distal to the infection. Minor incidental hosts include oaks (Quercus spp.), maples (Acer spp.), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and American chinkapin (Castanea pumila). mollissima) and the Japanese chestnut (C. Major hosts are species in the genus Castanea (Family Fagaceae), particularly the American chestnut (C. Closely related species that can also be found on chestnut include Cryphonectria radicalis, Cryphonectria naterciae and Cryphonectria japonica. is a Sordariomycete (ascomycete) fungus in the family Cryphonectriaceae (Order Diaporthales). This review summarizes the current state of research on this pathogen with a special emphasis on its interaction with a hyperparasitic mycovirus that acts as a biological control agent of chestnut blight. The pathogen is native to East Asia and was spread to other continents via infected chestnut plants. Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight: invasion history, population biology and disease control.Ĭhestnut blight, caused by Cryphonectria parasitica, is a devastating disease infecting American and European chestnut trees. ![]()
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